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| Name | What Is Cancer? | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool |
| Video Uploader | Video From FuseSchool - Global Education |
| Upload Date | This Video Uploaded At 08-01-2017 10:00:03 |
| Video Discription | What Is Cancer? | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool What happens to cells for cancerous growths to occur? Your body is made up of millions and millions of cells. In fact there are between 50 and 75 trillion cells in the body. These cells are dying and being replaced all the time. Cancer can start when just one of the trillions of cells begins to grow and multiply too much. The result is a mass of cells called a tumour. The starting place of abnormal cell growth and division is called the primary tumour, and they can start almost anywhere in the human body. Changes take place within the genes of a cell or group of cells, resulting in the abnormal cell division. Genes are specific codes of DNA that tell the cell what to do by coding for specific proteins or an RNA molecule. Proteins and RNA together control the cell. They decide what type of cell it is, what it does, when it divides and when the cell will die. When cells divide by mitosis, the DNA is replicated and sometimes mistakes are made. These are called mutations. Lots of mutations are silent; they have no effect on the cell because they occur in non-coding regions of the DNA. But sometimes, mutations in certain genes may mean that too many proteins are produced that trigger a cell to divide. Or proteins that normally tell a cell to stop dividing may not be produced. The cells starts to grow out of control. There have to be at least about 6 or more mutations to coding DNA before a normal cell turns into a cancer cell. Cells are usually very good at repairing damage to genes; they have special repair mechanisms in place. But over time, the damage may build up. And then it can be a domino effect; once the cells start growing too fast and dividing rapidly, they are more likely to pick up even more mutations and less likely to repair the damage. So mutations do the damage, but what causes them to happen? Whilst mutations can happen by natural processes, they can also be triggered by lifestyle. For example, there are cancer-causing substances, known as carcinogens, in tobacco smoke. In fact, more than 4 out of 5 cases of lung cancer are caused by smoking. Genetics also have a role to play; faulty genes can be passed from parent to offspring. Most inherited cases of breast cancer are associated with two abnormal genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2. Other cancer-causing factors include exposure to radiation, exposure to UV radiation from the sun and some chemicals in the environment amongst other things. SUBSCRIBE to the FuseSchool YouTube channel for many more educational videos. Our teachers and animators come together to make fun & easy-to-understand videos in Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Maths & ICT. VISIT us at www.fuseschool.org, where all of our videos are carefully organised into topics and specific orders, and to see what else we have on offer. Comment, like and share with other learners. You can both ask and answer questions, and teachers will get back to you. These videos can be used in a flipped classroom model or as a revision aid. Find all of our Chemistry videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlReKGMVfUt6YuNQsO0bqSMV Find all of our Biology videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlQYSpKryVcEr3ERup5SxHl0 Find all of our Physics videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlTWm6Sr5uN2Uv5TXHiZUq8b Find all of our Maths videos here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLW0gavSzhMlTKBNbHH5u1SNnsrOaacKLu Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/fuseschool/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/fuseschool/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/fuseSchool Access a deeper Learning Experience in the FuseSchool platform and app: www.fuseschool.org Follow us: http://www.youtube.com/fuseschool Befriend us: http://www.facebook.com/fuseschool This is an Open Educational Resource. If you would like to use the video, please contact us: info@fuseschool.org [KMkmkpitAH0] |
| Category | Education |
| Tags | science | biology | learn | revision | GCSE | AQA | high school | student | fuseschool | school science | school biology | gcse biology | high school biology | cancer | cancerous growth | tumours | what is cancer | cells | tumour | cell division | abnormal cell division | RNA | proteins | abnormal cell growth | abnormal growth | mutations | cancerous mutations | BRCA1 BRCA2 | carcinogens | radiation | faulty genes |
