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Ram Mandir, a Hindu temple under construction in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India, is being erected at the Ram Janmabhoomi, the birthplace of Rama, one of the principal deities of Hinduism, as per the Ramayana. The temple building process is being monitored by the Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra, with the ground-breaking ceremony being performed on 5 August 2020 by the country's prime minister Narendra Modi. The temple complex will include temples dedicated to several Hindu gods such as Surya, Ganesha, Shiva, Durga, Vishnu and Brahma.
Rama, who is believed to be an incarnation of the Hindu deity Vishnu, is widely worshipped in Hinduism. According to the ancient Indian epic Ramayana, Rama was born in Ayodhya. In the 16th century, the Mughals built a mosque, the Babri Masjid, which is believed to be the location of Ram Janmabhoomi, the birthplace of Rama, resulting in a violent dispute in the 1850s.
In the 1980s, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), a constituent of the Hindu nationalist family Sangh Parivar, launched a movement to reclaim the site for Hindus and erect a temple dedicated to the infant Rama (Ram Lalla) at that spot. In November 1989, the VHP laid the foundation of a temple on land adjacent to the disputed mosque. On 6 December 1992, the VHP and the Bharatiya Janata Party organised a rally at the site with 150,000 volunteers known as kar sevaks. The rally turned violent, with the crowd overpowering the security forces and tearing down the mosque.
The demolition resulted in several months of intercommunal rioting between India's Hindu and Muslim communities, leading to the death of at least 2,000 people and triggering riots throughout the Indian subcontinent. The day after the mosque's demolition, on 7 December 1992, The New York Times reported that over 30 Hindu temples across Pakistan were attacked, some set on fire, and one demolished. The government of Pakistan closed schools and offices in a day of protest. Some Hindu temples in Bangladesh were also attacked. Some of the Hindu temples that were partially destroyed during the retaliation of the Babri Masjid have since remained in that condition.
On 5 July 2005, five terrorists attacked the makeshift Ram temple at the site of the destroyed Babri Mosque in Ayodhya, India. All five attackers were shot dead in the ensuing gunfight with the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), while one civilian died in the grenade attack that the attackers launched to breach the cordoned wall. The CRPF suffered three casualties, two of whom were seriously injured with multiple gunshot wounds.
Archeological evidence suggests that the remains of a Hindu temple existed on the site, as revealed by a 1978 and 2003 archaeological excavation by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Archeologist KK Muhammad accused several historians of undermining the findings. Title and legal disputes took place over the years, such as the passage of the Acquisition of Certain Area at Ayodhya Ordinance, 1993.
It was only after the 2019 Supreme Court verdict on Ayodhya dispute that the disputed land was decided to be handed over to a trust formed by the Indian government for the construction of a Ram temple. The trust was formed under the name Shri Ram Janmabhoomi Teerth Kshetra. Five acres of land were allocated for the mosque, 22 km away in the city in Dhannipur village. On 5 February 2020, it was announced in the Indian Parliament that the Narendra Modi government had accepted a plan to construct the temple.
The construction of the Ram Mandir has been a subject of much debate and controversy, with many opposing the temple's construction on the grounds that it was built on the site of a mosque. The construction of the temple has been viewed by some as a sign of the rising influence of Hindu nationalism in India, and as a symbol of the Hindu-Muslim divide in the country.
The construction of the temple is significant for Hindus all over the world, as it marks the end of a long-standing dispute and the realization of a dream for many. The temple is expected to be a magnificent structure, a testament to the devotion of millions of Hindus who have waited for decades to see it come to fruition.
The construction is also a reminder that despite our differences, we can come together to build something beautiful and meaningful. The temple is a symbol of hope and unity, and it is a testament to the strength of India's diverse culture and traditions. The Ram Mandir is a reminder that we can achieve great things when we work together towards a common goal.
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